A new systematic review published in Frontiers in Public Health has identified key social determinants of health that may contribute to low breast cancer screening rates in the United States, particularly among minority populations.
The study, led by researchers including Dr. Lea Sacca from Florida Atlantic University, analyzed 72 peer-reviewed observational studies from 2013 to 2023. They found that socioeconomic factors, access to health care, and race/ethnicity were the most significant determinants affecting breast cancer screening behaviors.
Insurance status emerged as a critical factor, with uninsured women less likely to undergo screening. Ethnic minority women, except for those identifying as Asian, had lower screening rates. Black women faced a higher risk of diagnosis upon first screening.
Income levels also played a crucial role. Women with household incomes above $38,100 had higher rates of repeat mammography compared to those earning below $25,399. Food insecurity was another significant barrier, with affected women 54% less likely to undergo mammography.
“When women are forced to choose between feeding their families and pursuing preventive care, mammography becomes more of a luxury than life-saving care,” Dr. Sacca explained.
Education levels, location, transportation, and cultural factors were also identified as influential determinants.
The researchers hope these findings will inform future interventions to address low screening rates. Dr. Sacca emphasized the need for improved patient-provider communication, addressing perceived discrimination, and enhancing trust in the healthcare system to boost screening rates across all demographics.
See “Social Determinants of Health Potentially Responsible for Low Breast Cancer Screening Rates” (March 5, 2024)
