New research reveals that access to GLP-1 receptor agonists—medications used to treat obesity and metabolic conditions—varies significantly by race and ethnicity. Black and Hispanic patients eligible for these medications were less likely than white patients to receive a prescription within a year, even after adjusting for income, insurance, and health status.
Dr. Sarpong Boateng, co-author of the study, said the team wanted to explore treatment delays, especially among patients with overlapping conditions like fatty liver disease. The study analyzed data from over 89,000 adults with type 2 diabetes or obesity. While Asian patients received GLP-1s at similar rates to white patients, those with fatty liver disease were more likely to receive timely treatment.
Dr. Kimberly Narain noted that provider assumptions may contribute to disparities. “There may be assumptions on the part of the provider that a given patient just isn’t interested,” she said, adding that cultural norms around body size could also influence patient engagement.
The study builds on earlier findings showing that Asian, Black, and Hispanic patients are less likely to use obesity medications, even when eligible. These disparities persist despite controlling for socioeconomic and health-related factors.
Dr. Boateng emphasized the need for more equitable prescribing practices and policy changes to reduce barriers. In the meantime, Dr. Narain encouraged patients to advocate for themselves: “Patients need to not be afraid to initiate the discussion with their providers.”
See: “How Easily You Can Access GLP-1 Meds May Depend on Your Race” (June 16, 2025)
